讲座预告 | 论史前中国西北地区陶瓷生产技术的延续性和变化性

讲座题目：《论史前中国西北地区陶瓷生产技术的延续性和变化性》

主讲人：Anke Hein（安可）

时间：2026年3月28日 19:00-21:00

地点：考古文博学院主楼一层报告厅

讲座简介

中国西北地区新石器时代所生产的彩陶一直以其高超的制作工艺闻名于世。然而，人们对其背后的生产技术知之甚少。至于青铜时代各种所谓不那么“美观”的陶器，人们的了解亦很有限。本文利用在瑞典的远东博物馆收藏中尘封已久的20世纪20年代出土陶器，首次对甘肃南部洮河流域遗址出土的材料进行探索性的岩相学分析。这些出土材料的年代跨越新石器时代、青铜时代早期，和青铜时代中期，并通常被认为与马家窑、齐家、辛店、卡约考古学文化相关。尽管前人将马家窑和齐家文化陶器间器形、纹饰的变化阐释为陶器制作传统的打破，但本文研究表明，两者的陶器生产技术实际上存在连续性。青铜时代中期，该技术发生了更重要的变化，具体体现在原材料的选择和制备发生重大转变。在这一时期，陶瓷器形、装饰、制作过程呈现多样化，而齐家、辛店、卡约文化晚期的制作传统在一个相对较小的地域内并存。同时，这些陶器间也体现出共同的技术特征，反映着不同制作传统下从业者之间的交流。本文仅是对这一复杂的陶器制作历史的初步探索，更多与生产有关的技术实践还需在今后的研究中进一步探究。

The painted pottery produced during the Neolithic period in Northwest China has long been renowned worldwide for its exceptional craftsmanship. However, little is known about the production techniques behind it. As for the various so-called "less aesthetically pleasing" pottery from the Bronze Age, scholarly understanding remains equally limited. This paper presents an exploratory petrographic analysis of materials unearthed from sites in the Tao River Valley of southern Gansu, using pottery excavated in the 1920s that has long remained in the collections of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities in Sweden. These materials span the Neolithic period, the early Bronze Age, and the middle Bronze Age, and are generally associated with the Majiayao, Qijia, Xindian, and Kayue archaeological cultures. Although previous scholars have interpreted the changes in vessel forms and decorative patterns between Majiayao and Qijia pottery as a break in ceramic traditions, this study suggests that continuity actually existed in the pottery production techniques between the two. A more significant technological transformation occurred during the middle Bronze Age, reflected in substantial changes in the selection and preparation of raw materials. During this period, pottery vessel forms, decorations, and manufacturing processes became increasingly diverse, while the production traditions of the late Qijia, Xindian, and Kayue cultures coexisted within a relatively small area. At the same time, shared technical characteristics across these pottery types reveal interactions among practitioners of different production traditions. This paper represents only a preliminary exploration of this complex history of pottery production, and further research is needed to investigate the various technical practices related to production in the future.

主讲人简介

安可·海因博士（Dr. Anke Hein）现任牛津大学考古学研究所彼得·摩尔中国考古学副教授。她运用岩相学、民族志等多元研究方法，聚焦早期人类社会（主要为中国现今西部地区）的文化接触与身份认同建构。自2006年起，海因持续参与青藏高原东缘从甘肃河西走廊向南直至四川中部山区的考古发掘与调查。其关于凉山地区史前墓葬的专著，是该领域首部英文出版物之一。作为东亚考古学会会长及多个国际项目首席研究员，海因在推动中外文化交流与学术合作方面发挥着关键作用。

排版：刘   冰 

一审：李   垚

二审：陈小三

三审：高大伦